التميز في نشر الإنتاج العلمي وفق معايير منهجية وأخلاقيات البحث الأكاديمي والمساهمة في إثراء جميع مجالات العلم والمعرفة المتخصصة؛ بدقة وصدق وموضوعية. والنهوض بمستوى البحث العلمي بالتعاون مع الهيئات والمؤسسات العلمية المتخصصة المناظرة أينما كانت. ومواكبة التطور العلمي وتقنياته ، للمساهمة في تنمية المجتمع المحلي ، وتلبية احتياجاته المعرفية. وزيادة الإنتاج العلمي ، ونشر البحوث النظرية والدراسات التطبيقية ، من أجل تحقيق الريادة على المستوى الوطني. وإتاحة فرص للإبداع والتميز لأعضاء هيئة التدريس والأكاديميين
The Impact of Employing Modern Technologies in Teaching Arabic Language Remotely to Children of Arab Families Living Abroad
This paper aimed to study the role of distance education in utilizing modern technologies to teach the Arabic language to children of Arab communities living abroad and its impact on enhancing linguistic skills. The study addressed how Arabic language skills can be reinforced through distance education, serving as a modern tool that meets the needs of Arab immigrant families by ensuring their connection to their culture, language, and religion, and emphasizing their role in preserving their Arab identity. The study also focused on the interactive methods in distance education and the use of modern technologies and multimedia to adapt linguistic rules. The researcher adopted the descriptive approach, as it is one of the most commonly used methods in studying social and human phenomena. The study concluded with several findings, the most significant being that teaching Arabic grammar via distance education using modern technologies represents a qualitative leap from traditional education to.
Copyright (c) 2025 مجلة جامعة سرت للعلوم الانسانية
Poetic Correspondences in Ahmed Ali Al-Sharif's Diwan: Themes and Structural Features
Al-Sharif is a great poet whose poetic talents have emerged since his youth, and his poetry has a touch of the old and a coating of the new. Al-Sharif has a collection of poetry full of poetic diversity in its many fields. He is a writer, critic, and judge who has many talents, including the art of poetic correspondence, which he excelled in. This research is a literary vision of the poet in his poetic correspondence, a land of prose correspondence, The research was divided into two sections for the purpose of studying the poetic antiquity and structural characteristics of his correspondence, so the discussion was about the political purpose, the religious purpose, and the social purpose, All these purposes played an effective role in Al-Sharif's instructions to his writers and friends, as they contain important notes that establish bonds of friendship and love. After that, the structural characteristics of this important correspondence were studied, which must be studied in a comprehensive study. These were the structural characteristics that represent the poem, with its introduction, conclusion, and thematic unity. The introductions to his correspondence were explained, as they were characterized by good beginnings and brilliant initiation. Then the endings of his poetic correspondence are characterized by repeating the opening sometimes or by noting it. As for the thematic unity in his correspondence and poems, it is like a single, living, integrated body, as the meanings convey each other through the sequence of thinking and feelings to convey one meaning with the content of the poem.
Marketing Scientific Research as an Approach to Enhance the Building of a Knowledge Economy at Sirte University
This study aimed at identifying the reality, obstacles and mechanisms of academic research commercialization at the University of Sirte as an entry point for strengthening Knowledge economy . The study population consists of all of academic members at the University of Sirte (650) members. A sample of about(242) respondents was selected in the simple random stratified sampling method.(230) responses were retrieved and (7) were excluded due to their lack of validity for analysis. The number of questionnaires valid for the analysis was(223), or about(92%) of the total sample. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS) was used to deal with the collected data using descriptive and explanatory statistical methods using such as arithmetic mean, standard deviation, and other statistical analysis. The results of this study are: the most important of which is that the reality of marketing scientific research at Sirte University is low, and that among the obstacles to marketing scientific research at Sirte University are many, including low awareness and conviction among leaders towards profit from university research, and the preoccupation of faculty members with a lot of burdens. and the lack of incentives and rewards offered, and there is no specific price for the results of scientific research. The researcher presented a proposed vision for the marketing of scientific research and implementation mechanisms.
The Role of Animated Cartoons in Shaping the Values of Libyan Children
This study aims to examine the impact of animated cartoons on religious, social, and aesthetic values among Libyan children. The study analyzed a sample of 100 children from the city of Sirte using a descriptive analytical approach. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using the SPSS statistical program. The results indicated that animated cartoons play a significant role in enhancing social and aesthetic values, while their influence on religious values may sometimes be negative, especially with prolonged exposure to content that does not align with the cultural and religious environment of Libyan society. The study also found gender differences, with girls being more influenced by religious values compared to boys. Based on these findings, the study recommends the need to regulate children's media content and promote locally produced animated programs that align with cultural and religious values.
The concept of Ridwan in the Holy Qur’an: A contextual terminological study
This research investigated the term satisfaction; In order to reveal its concept in its Quranic format, we use the approach of terminological study, adopting a complete extrapolation of the term in the Quran, while adopting the stages of lexical study and textual study, to attempt to understand the meaning of Ridwan and its importance in a person's life and relationships, and to educate them on good behavior. Among the findings: The meaning of the term "contentment" in the Holy Quran was based on its linguistic origin: it is the acceptance of something, the soul's satisfaction with it, and its approval, and that which turns around this origin of the meanings of contentment, sufficiency, choice, love, acceptance and appreciation. The term was notable for its large size and the great importance of its concept. Because of its connection with human life and its destiny now and in the future.
Logistics Management as Entry for Developing the Sirte port
The research topic revolves around developing the Sirte Sea Port to be a logistical port to receive container ships of advanced generations, And drawing attention to the pivotal role of logistics management in reducing trading costs in international ports, The study concluded that the Sirte Sea Port in this condition, With this design, And these current components and equipment will be classified as the one of the first generation ports, That does not receive container ships from the advanced generations, It became clear that all Libyan ports are considered Sub-regional ports, Also it became clear that Libya really needs a logistical hub port, Which is considered one of the best options for diversifying income, And that the Sirte sea port is considered the closest geographically to the countries Chad and Niger. The Libyan state is not interested and does not benefit from African Economy agreements, such as the Free Trade Agreement, And COMESA, The study recommended accelerating, Especially in light of the reconstruction that the city is witnessing, That the Sirte sea port be redesigned with depths and berths that receive advanced generations of container ships, And that the port be provided with modern machines and equipment specialized in handling containers, Cranes, And giant cranes, Instead of wasting money on the port as it is. And its current design, Forming an experienced and efficient team to represent Libya in African agreements on transport and trade.
Corruption crimes according to the provisions of Libyan criminal legislation, A comparative study with the international agreement
Within the framework of the United Nations efforts to strengthen the legal system of the international community to combat corruption, the United Nations Convention against Corruption 2003 was adopted, which includes a set of corruption crimes, and the Libyan legislator issued Law No. 11 of 2014 regarding the establishment of the National Anti-Corruption Authority, one of the most important powers of which is to search and investigate corruption crimes, and these crimes were defined by referring to the Penal Code and are represented by crimes that undermine public trust and crimes affecting public funds, and it also referred to the complementary laws and to the United Nations Convention against Corruption, due to the possibility of corruption crimes included in the Convention that were not included in the Penal Code and its complementary laws. The Libyan legislator expanded the criminalization policy, and included corruption crimes that were not included in the International Convention against Corruption, and tightened the penalty and specified it in (Article 25) with imprisonment for all corruption crimes or a financial fine or both penalties, and it also used the method of legislative integration by referral to include the Convention within the framework of Libyan law. This confirms the trend towards internationalizing national legal rules in Libyan law, and this has its advantages because international agreements deal with many crimes, including corruption, in a more complete manner.
Causes of Academic Underachievement from the Perspective of Teachers Among A Sample of Primary School Students in the City of Suluq
This study aimed to identify the causes of academic underachievement (school-related factors, psychological factors, cognitive factors, physical factors, and family and social factors) among first-grade primary school students from the teachers' perspective. The study employed a descriptive-analytical method, and data were collected using an academic underachievement scale applied to a sample of 50 teachers from primary schools in Suluq area. The results showed that the overall mean score of the study was 1.53 with a standard deviation of 0.50, indicating strong agreement on the role of the studied factors in academic underachievement. School-related factors ranked first with a mean score of 2.00 and a standard deviation of 0.50, highlighting the critical role of the school environment in determining student progress. Family and social factors ranked second with a mean score of 1.20 and a standard deviation of 0.40, cognitive factors ranked third with a mean score of 1.37 and a standard deviation of 0.34, psychological factors ranked fourth with a mean score of 1.22 and a standard deviation of 0.42, and physical factors ranked fifth with a mean score of 1.46 and a standard deviation of 0.50.
Job Happiness Among Secondary Education Supervisors In Light of The Developed PERMA Model
This study aimed to assess the level of job happiness among secondary education supervisors in light of the developed PERMA model at the Educational Inspection and Guidance Department in Zliten. It also sought to examine differences in job happiness levels based on gender and specialization. The study population consisted of 50 educational supervisors. To achieve the research objectives, the descriptive analytical approach was adopted, and a questionnaire developed by the researcher was used, consisting of 41 items distributed across six dimensions: empathy and positive emotions, work engagement and involvement, trusted relationships, meaning and purpose, achievement and recognition, and personal and professional development. The findings revealed that educational supervisors exhibit a high level of job happiness according to the developed PERMA model. Additionally, statistically significant differences were found in job happiness levels based on gender, with females reporting higher levels of happiness than males. However, no significant differences were observed based on specialization.
Commercial Banks' Contribution to Sustainable Investment in Light of the Dimensions of Sustainability Accounting [A field study on the general administrations of Libyan commercial banks operating in Benghazi]
This study aimed to find out to which extent the commercial banks Contribute to sustainable investment by knowing the reality of including credit and financing polices the dimensions of sustainability accounting by targeting public administrations or main centers operating in the Benghazi city that contain the senior departments targeted by the study, 93 questionnaires were distributed, but 61 questionnaires were returned, 51 were suitable for analysis. The descriptive analytical approach was used, and the data were analyzed using the statistical program Statical Package For The Social Sciences (SPSS).One of the most prominent findings is the weak contribution of the commercial banks to the sustainable investment in light of the dimensions of sustainability accounting. Furthermore, the dimensions of sustainability accounting have a fundamental impact on sustainable investment from the perspective of the study sample. The study concluded with several recommendations, most notably the need to enact binding laws and legislation that would compel the banking sector to establish accounting systems that provide information to evaluate business activities and procedures related to sustainability and investment therein. The study also recommended the importance of developing policies that govern the performance of banking activity, obligating it to direct resources to financing economic development projects, and forcing it to employ a national workforce with the aim of reducing unemployment and poverty, as well as granting incentives and rewards to banks that pioneer this approach.
The Self, the Soul, and the Spirit in the Holy Qur’an A Study of Concept, Context, and Significance
This study explores the concepts of the soul, spirit, and self in the Qur’an by analyzing their linguistic meanings and contextual uses. It clarifies the distinctions between these overlapping terms to present a deeper understanding of the human being. Using a semantic and analytical approach grounded in Qur’anic exegesis and classical Arabic, the research highlights the precise and varied use of these terms. The study concludes that the Qur’anic usage reflects a holistic view of human existence—spiritual, psychological, and ethical—with an emphasis on purification, guidance, and self-refinement.
French writings on the Algerian Sahara through the African magazine: selected examples.
The culture is the main scene of the incarnation of political and social aspirations, noting that it has been paid in colonias, and it compares to the colonial era in Algeria that travels to France with a church in the middle of the terrain, so that the domain can be found. Education or academic. From these academic institutions, to the projects that serve France and other ambitions, to participate in the Africa revue, this year, which is founded by the creation of the Algerian Historical Societies, to the highest level of academic institutions, orientalistes, and the algerian group participated in the magazine published with permission from 1856 to 1962. Share the sujets abordés from the African Revue in the Algerian desert in different domains, which is the history of the country, the usernames, the mystical sunnite, or the angles, and part of the suction problem: Comment and if the African review is that you like it? What are the first fonds? How do you vote in the Sahara desert in Africa? What's the matter with the African review in the Algerian desert? To respond to the device you want to delete the domain in the same location as the Sahara Algerian network.
Difficulties Facing Female Academic Researchers in Libyan Universities and Ways to Solve Them
Our current research aims to identify the most significant challenges facing female academic researchers, whether familial, work-related, or societal. These challenges prevent them from increasing their scientific output, delaying their academic progression, and assuming leadership positions. The study aims to identify available opportunities and capabilities that can be leveraged to advance female researchers and empower them in the scientific and academic research fields. The study was conducted on 80 female academic researchers at the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Al-Marj. The researcher relied on a descriptive and analytical approach, and reached the following conclusions: Libyan female academics at Libyan universities, particularly the University of Benghazi, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Al-Marj, face numerous difficulties, whether at the personal, familial, or social levels, which hinder their scientific output and their assumption of leadership positions within the university.
Translators’ Positioning and the (Un)Translatability of Collocations: A Curious Case of Arabic Translation and Retranslation of Orientalism
This study examines the (un)translatability of collocations through the Arabic translations of Edward Said’s Orientalism by Kamal Abu Deeb and by Mohamed Enani. It explores how the translators’ positioning influenced their approaches and the resulting quality of the translations. Abu Deeb adopted a literal transfer strategy, prioritizing structural fidelity but often producing less readable outcomes. In contrast, Enani employed a domesticating approach, focusing on clarity and accessibility for the target audience. Through a comparative analysis of 64 collocations, the study highlights differences in style and accuracy, with Enani’s translations achieving greater correspondence with the source text while aligning with the target audience’s cultural context. The findings underscore the pivotal role of translator positioning, suggesting that flexibility and audience-oriented strategies can enhance the translation of collocations, which often lack direct functional equivalents. This work contributes to understanding translation strategies and their cultural implications.
The Interplay Between Political Instability and Inflation in Libya: A Structural Analysis (1990-2021)
This study examines the relationship between political instability and inflation in Libya from 1990 to 2021, employing an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to analyse short- and long-term dynamics. The findings reveal a statistically significant positive relationship between political instability and inflation, with key mechanisms including supply chain disruptions, currency depreciation, and fiscal imbalances. The study underscores the importance of political stability for economic management and offers policy recommendations to mitigate inflationary pressures in Libya’s oil-dependent economy.
The Reality of Social Responsibility Accounting Practices in Libyan Cement Companies in Accordance with the ISO 26000 International Standard: A Field Study
This study examines the extent to which companies in the Libyan cement industry apply Social Responsibility Accounting (SRA) principles, with a particular focus on their alignment with the ISO 26000 international standard. Utilizing a descriptive-analytical approach, primary data were collected through a questionnaire distributed to financial professionals and auditors within these companies. The findings reveal that while Libyan cement companies demonstrate a commitment to integrating social responsibility principles into their operations, significant gaps remain in certain areas. To address these shortcomings, the study proposes the establishment of dedicated social responsibility units within each company, comprising representatives from key stakeholders. Additionally, it recommends the development of a comprehensive SRA framework to clearly define the company’s vision, mission, and objectives in the field of social responsibility. These measures aim to enhance compliance with international standards and promote sustainable business practices in the Libyan cement sector.
The Femininity of the Novel and the Diversity of Narrative Patterns in the Novel 'Khabba Man Dassaha' by Sulaiman Awadh Masoud: A Critical Reading.
The feminine vision in the novel (Khaab Man Dasaha) represents the backbone of the novel, as the heroine of the novel appears with her present personality, growing in feelings and events, which made the feminine description of the novel the most important in the critical view of it, and the search may be in several elements, the threshold of the cover and the title, which was represented in the use of the black color and the placement and font of the title color, the hanging clock, as well as the author's name and his information, and the features of the growing feminine character came in the course of its events, which is the grieving female who suffered false promises, and was sincere in love, until she reached a state of despair and disappointment, and the narrator appeared in several places describing the female's inner feelings and emotions, then the techniques of dialogue, and the internal monologue dialogue emerged, and the external dialogue dialogue that often took place between the hero and the heroine, and the language of the novel varied between symbolic ambiguity and revealing clarity, and intertextuality, as the writer used it intensively and clearly, especially religious intertextuality. In conclusion, I showed that the ambiguity in the language of the novel sometimes made it difficult to follow the ideas and understand the meanings in them, as if they were thoughts written in a condensed language, and also the abundance of religious intertextuality in the novel indicates the culture and identity of the writer.
المستدرك على حاشية المعرَّب: بعض التصويبات والتعقيبات على تحقيق كتاب حاشية ابن بري على كتاب المعرّب للإمام الجواليقي
It is comments and corrections on the investigation of Ibn Beri's book and criticisms of the edition produced by Dr. Ibrahim Al-Samarra' and an attempt to produce the text of the commentary as its author intended free from errors and defects, to be a reference for researchers with its clear texts, .not as it appeared in the defective edition While we criticize the old editions that have not been examined by critics and researchers, we are trying to revive the movement of publishing heritage, which we see has declined in recent years and is no longer as momentum as it was in previous decades, especially in the sixties and seventies and even in the nineties of the last century. We hope that we have succeeded in our research, and success is from God.
Copyright (c) 2024 مجلة جامعة سرت للعلوم الانسانية
Le Romantisme français au 19ème siècle : Un mouvement littéraire et culturel majeur
Romanticism, a literary, artistic, and cultural movement that emerged in France at the beginning of the 19th century, was a reaction against the rigid rules of classicism and the cold rationality of the Enlightenment. It emphasizes emotion, individualism, nature, and subjectivity, and explores various themes such as the exaltation of love, nostalgia for the past, political and social revolt, as well as the contemplation of nature. Romanticism marked a decisive turning point in the evolution of literature and art in France, profoundly influencing not only writers, but also painters, musicians, and playwrights.
أثر القيادة الرشيقة على الاداء الوظيفي دراسة ميدانية على جهاز استثمار النهر الصناعي سهل بنغازي
This study aims to identify the level of agile leadership practice among employees of the Great Man-Made River Investment Authority, Benghazi Plain, and to know their level of job performance and to determine the impact of agile leadership on job performance. The study community was limited to employees of the Great Man-Made River Investment Authority, Benghazi Plain, and a simple random sample was taken according to Morgan's table. In this study, the descriptive analytical approach was relied upon, and the basic data for this study were collected through a questionnaire and the use of the statistical packages program (SPSS) by computer in analyzing the study data, represented in frequency tables, arithmetic means, standard deviations, and regression coefficient to determine the effect between the study variables. The study concluded that there is a positive correlation between the agile leadership variable and job performance, as well as a statistically significant effect on job performance.
Conflict and preference between Scholars of Hadith and Fundamentalists
This study discusses the scholars’ disagreement over the concept of clash, and showing the relationship between it and weighting, and the methods of resolving it among the majority of hadith scholars and usuli scholars, with examples mentioned and discussed in each method. The study concluded that the scholars’ disagreement was not over the reality of the clash, and that the hadith scholars and usuli scholars agree on the count of methods of resolving the clash, and differ in their order, and that this disagreement is due to a difference in the origin of the viewpoint, as the hadith scholar looks into proving the authenticity of the narration or not, the usuli scholar looks into proving the provision derived from the narration or not, and this confirms their agreement to give precedence to the method of combining and reconciling over the rest of the methods, acting on the origin on the one hand, since the origin of the prophetic texts is that they came to be acted upon, unlike weighting and abrogation, in which some texts are acted upon and others are left, and that there are rules considered by the hadith scholars and usuli scholars on the other hand, which is that applying both evidences is better than neglecting one of them
Evaluating the content and organizing it in the Arabic language curriculum for the seventh grade of basic education in Libya from the point of view of specialists
This research aimed to evaluate and organize the content in the Arabic language curriculum for the seventh grade of basic education in Libya from the point of view of specialists. The researchers used the descriptive approach to collect data by using a questionnaire that was prepared and judged. It was then distributed to a community sample of (121) teachers and (9) inspectors, and the research reached the following results: 1- Evaluating the content of the Arabic language curriculum for the seventh grade of basic education in Libya; It was at a moderate degree level, but it did not reach the required level. 2- The evaluation of the organization of the content of the curriculum referred to was It was at a moderate degree level and did not rise to the required level according to the estimates of specialists. 3- There are statistically significant differences between the level of average ratings of the two samples of teachers and inspectors on the two axes of content and organization in favor of the sample of teachers.
The impact of Organization Culture on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in The Libyan Academy in Benghazi
The study aimed to identify the impact of Organization Culture on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in The Libyan Academy in Benghazi. Descriptive approach has been used in the study. The questionnaire was developed based on some previous studies. The population of the study reached (171) employee, random sample selected was (120), with refund rate approximately of (82%). The results found that the overall level of Organization Culture and Organizational Citizenship Behavior were at a high degree. The results also indicated there was a significant effect of Organization Culture on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in The Libyan Academy, whereas there was a significant effect of the Organizational Norms and Organizational Values on Organizational Citizenship Behavior, but there wasn’t a significant effect of the Organizational Expectations and Organizational Beliefs on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in The Libyan Academy. Based on the results, the study came out with a set of recommendations that are expected to contribute to enhancing the effect Organization Culture on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in The Libyan Academy.
The Relationship Between Sleep Quality Disorder and Generalized Anxiety Among Displaced Individuals in Derna Following Hurricane Daniel
This study aimed to explore the nature of the relationship between sleep quality disturbances and generalized anxiety among displaced survivors of natural disasters in the city of Derna following Hurricane Daniel. The researchers adopted a mixed-method approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative methods to provide a comprehensive and accurate picture. The study utilized two primary tools: the Sleep Quality Scale and the Generalized Anxiety Scale to measure the variables. The sample included 162 displaced individuals affected by the hurricane, in addition to interviews with 30 displaced persons and 10 psychologists.The results indicated that the level of sleep quality disturbance was moderate, while the level of generalized anxiety was high among the displaced individuals. The study also revealed a positive correlation between sleep quality disturbances and generalized anxiety levels. Furthermore, the semi-structured interviews uncovered that the displaced individuals suffered from insomnia and persistent negative thoughts. One of the key recommendations made by experts in the field of psychology was that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is considered an effective means to improve sleep quality and reduce generalized anxiety.
Difficulties in Applying Critical Thinking Skills in Teaching Arabic at the Basic Education Stage from the Perspective of Subject Teachers in Misurata
This research aims to identify the challenges of applying critical thinking skills in teaching Arabic language in primary education from the perspective of teachers in Misrata city. To achieve the research objectives, the researcher used a descriptive approach through a questionnaire developed by Al-Anzi (2011). The questionnaire consisted of a set of items related to the difficulties of applying critical thinking skills in teaching Arabic in primary education, categorized into three domains: the teacher, the student, and the curriculum. The questionnaire was distributed – after ensuring its validity and reliability – to a sample of 150 Arabic language teachers in primary education in Misrata city (Misrata Central Education Services Office) to determine their opinions on the research topic. Data were analyzed statistically using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The research revealed several key findings: the overall score for the difficulties in applying critical thinking skills was high, with a relative weight of 77%. Difficulties related to the curriculum ranked first with a high score and a relative weight of 80%. Difficulties related to the student came second with a moderate score and a relative weight of 77.3%, while difficulties related to the teacher ranked third with a moderate score and a relative weight of 73.3%.
Identifying Optimal Sites for Establishing a Solar Power Collection Station in the Northwestern Region of Libya Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
This paper aims to identify the best locations for establishing a solar power collection station in the northwestern region of Libya using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Solar energy is considered one of the most important renewable energy sources, and in order to harness this source effectively, it is imperative to collect and store solar energy for the purpose of using it as an alternative energy source through various types of solar power collectors. The study has relied upon a methodology of multiple criteria to achieve desired outcomes, which is based on the availability of a set of spatial criteria or conditions within a specific region. These criteria are processed and analyzed using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and the results are presented in the form of high-resolution digital maps. Through GIS, it is possible to assign weights to each layer according to specific criteria defined by the researcher. The study has revealed that using GIS allows for the division of the study area into several zones based on their suitability for establishing solar power stations. This enables the identification of unsuitable areas, highly suitable areas, and alternative moderate importance zones for solar power station construction. Ultimately, the production of a digital map of the study area facilitates the determination of optimal areas for solar power station installation. The study has recommended a set of suggestions, among which the promotion of solar energy as a source of electricity stands out due to its numerous advantages such as being a clean and cost-effective energy source. Additionally, solar energy is a renewable source that is inexhaustible.
الوثائق الليبية المودعة بالأرشيف الوطني الفرنسي ودور المركز الليبي للمحفوظات والدراسات التاريخية في جمعها وحفظها: وثائق الزاوية السنوسية ببئر علالي بتشاد المصادرة أنموذجا 1901- 1902م
The historical documents confiscated by the French forces after their occupation of the Zawiya of Bir Alali in Chad at the beginning of December 1902 are of great importance. These documents were represented in a large number of important historical correspondences between the most famous leaders of the Senussi order, some of the sheikhs of the Zawiyas and the leaders of the jihad against the French occupation, some of the sultans of the neighboring Islamic kingdoms. They have been preserved in the French National Archives. Working on restoring the origin of these documents is an urgent necessity to add them to the collection of international historical documents that the Libyan Center for Archives and Historical Studies in Tripoli carried out and is still continuing its role in collecting, preserving and archiving them to be a source for academic researchers.
Fatimid coins minted in Palestine during the reigns of the two caliphs Almsatʻly billāh and Al-āmir bʼḥkam Allāh 487-524 AH / 1094-1130 AD
This research deals with the study of the monetary system in Palestine during the reigns of the two Fatimid caliphs, Al-Musta’li Billah and his son, Al-Amir bi-Ahkam Allah, in the period of time extending between 487-524 AH / 1094-1130 AD, which is the period that witnessed the decline of the dependence of the Fatimid monetary system in Palestine to one metal, which is gold. Until it stopped completely in the year 520 AH / 1126 AD. It was shown through the study that Palestine minted gold dinars and their parts during the reign of Al-Mustali Billah in one mint, which was the city of Akka, after the decline of Fatimid rule in some coastal Palestinian cities, while dinars were minted during the reign of Al-Amir Bi-Ahkam Allah in three mints, which were Ashkelon, Akka. And Ayla, The coins recorded the attempt of the Fatimids in alliance with the Turks to reclaim Acre and liberate it from the grip of the Crusaders for two years, 506 and 507 AH. they minted Fatimid dinars there before the Crusaders reoccupied it again. The research methodology is the statistical and documentary study method supported by historical and technical analysis. The research material was collected from well-known international catalogs, specialized books and research, and reliable Internet sites.
Spatiotemporal variations of rainfall in Lattakia Governorate using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI
This research deals with the analysis of drought and humidity periods in Lattakia Governorate - northwest Syria - and studying their spatial and temporal distribution by applying the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) to rainfall data for eight main stations between the years (1993-2023) during the time periods (3-6) months، in addition to calculating the recurrence rates of drought periods according to the SPI index. Then، digital maps were prepared using the GIS program to show the rates of drought severity and recurrence. The results showed that the stations of Slenfeh and Kassab witnessed local drought during a period of 6 months، ranging between 10% - 25%، while the drought was not of a high degree in the other stations and its percentage was less than 10%. It was found that the 6-month period is the most appropriate for the research area as it gave a clearer picture of the changes in rainfall during the rainy months.
The effectiveness of electronic banking marketing methods in Libyan banks in improving banking services: An Empirical Study on The Branches of Commercial Banks Operating in The City of Sirte
This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of electronic banking marketing methods used by Libyan banks in promoting and improving their banking services. In order to achieve this purpose, we relied on the descriptive method of scientific research to conduct this study. To collect the primary data of this study, A questionnaire form was designed and distributed to a sample of Libyan banks operating in the city of Sirte. The results of this study indicated that there was a statistically significant effect on the effectiveness of banking marketing methods in improving the quality of banking services. Therefore, the study recommended that it is advisable to Libyan banks to pay attention to diversifying banking marketing methods, especially electronic ones, in providing banking services, and spreading the culture of their use among bank customers.