Causality of the relationship between various indicators of external flows in Algeria: an analytical and measurement study for the period 1970 - 2018. Economic studies journal, [S. l.], v. 3, n. 3, p. 125–143, 2020. DOI: 10.37375/esj.v3i3.2070. Disponível em: https://elc2.su.edu.ly/index.php/esj/article/view/2070. Acesso em: 8 dec. 2025.